Controlled Atmosphere (CA) storage is used to extend the storage life of seasonal perishables.
CA refers to the introduction of low oxygen (O2) and/or a high Carbon Dioxide (CO2) atmosphere to a container or an airtight enclosure holding the product. The atmosphere is "controlled" by a sequence of measurements and corrections throughout the storage period and is used as a supplement to proper refrigerated storage and distribution.
Controlled atmosphere has historically been used in large storage facilities where levels of atmospheric gases are continuously monitored and adjusted to maintain optimal concentrations. It is typically applied to commodities amenable to long-term storage such as apples, pears, kiwifruit, sweet onions, and cabbage. More recently, controlled atmospheres have been introduced to refrigerated containers for long distance transport by sea. The technology is being used for stone fruits and other commodities. The use of CA is increasing due to improved cost effectiveness in delivering extended shelf-life and enhanced produce quality. Good temperature control and management is critical to the efficacy of CA, which also must be maintained after the CA is broken and throughout the products distribution.
Benefits of CA include:
Extended post-harvest life by slowing down respiration
Reducing sensitivity to ethylene
Slowing browning reactions
Slowing softening of some fruits
Reducing some forms of physiological injury
Slowing the growth of some spoilage microorganisms
Extending the window for marketing stored product
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